Electrochemical technology is playing an increasingly important role in modern society and especially in the chemical industry. Also electrochemical technology is now clearly identified as a “clean technology” for the manufacture of chemicals. It also finds application in processes for recycling chemicals and materials, treating effluents, destroying toxic materials, soil remediation and other diverse technologies. All this technology depends on stable electrode materials. Only platinum group metal materials fulfil this requirement. Titanium anode is mainly used in industrial production such as chlor-alkali, sodium hypochlorite, hypochlorous Acid (HOCl), electrolytic synthesis of organic compounds, sewage treatment, seawater desalination, electrolysis of dilute brine, sodium chloride electrolysis, disinfection of tap water, elimination of plankton in industrial circulating water, etc. Platinum plated electrodes introduced a new approach to the chemicals manufacture to increased expectations of the performance of electrodes. The main categories are: platinum titanium electrode, titanium electrode, super titanium electrode, noble metal plating electrode group, Platinum Plated Niobium Electrode and Niobium Electrode.
What is the role of Platinum Anodes in Electrolytic Production of Chemical?
It is necessary to use an inert electrode, such as platinum, because there is no metal present to conduct the electrons from the anode to the cathode. Oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction at the cathode. In chemistry and manufacturing, electrolysis is a technique that uses direct electric current (DC) to drive an otherwise non-spontaneous chemical reaction. Electrolysis is commercially important as a stage in the separation of elements from naturally occurring sources such as ores using an electrolytic cell.
In inorganic chemical industry platinum plated Anodes (Titanium / Niobium / Tantalum substrate) is widely used as the anode in a number of electrochemical processes, but perhaps least known is its usefulness as an anode in the electrolytic oxidation of organic compounds.
Platinum is used in electrochemical cells because it is resistant to oxidation- it will not easily react, which makes in excellent as an electrode as it will not take part in the Redox reactions occurring in electrochemical cells.
Platinum is extremely resistant to chlorine and oxychloride environments which make it versatile in sea-water electrolytes.
Platinum is an element with high electrical conductivity and is more ductile than gold, silver, or copper. It is less malleable than gold. The metal has excellent resistance to corrosion, is stable at high temperatures, and has stable electrical properties.
Types of Electrodes (Anode and Cathode) for Chemical Production:-
- ➦ Platinum Plated Titanium Plate Electrode
- ➦ Platinum Plated Titanium mesh Electrode
- ➦ Platinum Plated Titanium mesh Basket Electrode
- ➦ Platinum Plated Titanium Rod Electrode
- ➦ Platinum Plated Titanium Seamless Tube Electrode
Advantages of Platinized Anodes in Electrolytic Production of Chemical:-
In the chlorine gas industry produced by diaphragm method, the metal anode is resistant to chlorine and alkali corrosion. In the production of chlor-alkali, after using titanium anode, the product quality is high, the purity of chlorine gas is high, CO2 is not contained, the alkali concentration is high, and energy consumption is saved.
Platinised Titanium Metal anode, the high temperature and high current density operation of the chlorate electrolytic cell becomes possible.
Oxygen evolution potential ≥1.70v, strong oxidation, High current efficiency, Insoluble anode, corrosion-resistant, Anodic matrix reusable, Low cost, long life span, cost-effective etc… Degrade stubborn or toxic contaminants. Fully automatic operation, simple process, Suitable for high salt load, No sludge, no pollution transfer, Degrade COD, decolorize, Inactivate and sterilize.
Compact Chlorinator Cell Design, Both reverse polarity and normal polarity, Self-cleaning system.
The Platinised Titanium electrodes create the ionization, the electrode cell is the heart of an ionizer. Because it has outstanding practical performance, such as strong ability of ionization release, good exchange of electrolyte, close structure and light weight, etc.
General advantages for Titanium Anode with Platinum Plating:-
Titanium gives corrosion resistance in most electrolytes. Titanium itself will act as a conductor of current without passing current into the electrolyte.
With the application of a thin layer of platinum onto the titanium surface the current will pass along the titanium and enter the electrolyte through the platinum surface with the exposed surfaces of the titanium remaining inactive. The platinized area of the anode will operate at current densities of up to 100 amperes per square ft. of surface area.
The electrical resistance of titanium is high and where solid rods or plates are used it is essential to design with adequate cross sections of titanium and with the shortest current paths to the platinum surface, thus avoiding high volt drops.
Where long lengths of platinized titanium are required to improve the electrical resistance, titanium is formed over copper and the platinum skip-plated onto the titanium. This provides the most economic installation with the best relationship between current density and volt drop.
Long life, dimensionally stable and easily fabricated into any shape and reduced environmental burden and reduced maintenance.